Rostows Theory Of Economic Growth - 1507 Words

2 Rostow’s theory of economic growth (or Rostovian take-off model), is historically one of the major models of economic growth. Published in 1960 by American economist Walt Whitman Rostow, the model dictates that economic growth occurs in five stages of fluctuating time periods. The five stages include 1) the traditional society, 2) the preconditions for take-off, 3) the take-off, 4) the drive to maturity, and finally, 5) the age of mass production. The following definitions were established by Walt Rostow in his book published in 1960, The Stages of Economic Growth. The first stage, the traditional society, describes countries where the population is still actively engaged in agricultural practises, therefore eliminating any time available to undertake major economic and entrepreneurial risks. The technology and science in use is also described as ‘pre-Newtonian’. Examples of such societies include Medieval Europe and Chinese dynasties. The second stage, precondit ions for take-off, is explained as encompassing nations with a more stable political base. This stage was clearly established in Western Europe in the late seventeenth century and early eighteenth century, as scientific advancements and continued industrialisation had aided agriculture and the capital market to thrive. The next stage is the actual take off stage, where new industries appear and agriculture is being commercialised. Steady growth is evident through the exploitation of natural resources,Show MoreRelatedWorld Theory And Wallersteins Stages Of Social And Economic Development731 Words   |  3 PagesThis essay attempts to compare and to contrast the theories of Walt Rostows stages of social and economic development and Wallersteins world system theory. The Rostows five-stage model of economic growth and core-periphery concept of Wallerstein’s three-part world system theory are both used to identify a countrys development. Although they have similarities, there are differences between the two models. Rostows five-stage model emphasizes on the development process of countries. On the otherRead MoreModernization Theory Of The Post War Years1324 Words   |  6 Pageswith growing fears about Cold War tensions and the threat of communism, the domestic post-war environment contributed to the emergence of the predominant American sociological and economic theory of the post-war years: modernization theory. Though many new theories have emerged since the development of modernization theory, of which Walt Whitman Rostow was one of the leading figures, and it has seen fluctuations in its popularity, it has remained a part of the discourse on development to this day.Read MoreEssay on Modernization Theory: The Development Ladder1270 Words   |  6 PagesModernisation theory has been a dominant theory since post-World War II (McMichael 2012:5) to describe development and social change. It is structured and outlined through five different stages of deve lopment ladder proposed by Walt Whitman Rostow in The Stages of Economic Growth: A Non-Communist Manifesto. (1961:4) The first premise of modernisation theory reflected by development ladder is that development happened in a sequential process through stage by stage while the second premise underpinnedRead MoreWalter Rostow’s Linear Development Theory2110 Words   |  9 PagesBSDS101: Assignment 1: Outline the stages of Walter Rostow’s Linear development theory and discuss the theory’s applicability to the developing world. Introduction: The question of why and how the developing world has since been developing at a relatively low pace has since been interpreted by various perspectives most of which are Euro-centric and highly debatable. A number of theories have since been formulated to explain why the developing countries are lagging behind in terms of their GrossRead MoreRostows Theory of Economic Development1055 Words   |  5 PagesE37/1523/2011 †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ BARAZA A. DANIEL E37/1625/2011 †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ LUMONYE FAITH JUMA E35S/11325/2010 †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ DOUGHLAS NYAKUNDI E37/1509/2011 †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ FREDDICK ACHACH E37/1614/2011 †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Rostow’s five stages of Development This theory was written by Walt Whiteman Rostow. In 1960 he suggested countries go through fairly linearly and set out number of conditions that were likely to occur in investment, consumption and social trends at each state. He also saidRead MoreTheories of Development2183 Words   |  9 PagesCompare and contrast Karl Marx’s and Walt Rostow’s theories of stages of social and economic development. By Daniel C. Phiri, Lusaka, Zambia 28/11/2013 Introduction This essay attempts to compare and contrast Karl Marx’s and Walt Rostow’s theories of stages of social and economic development. A theory is an interconnected, logical system of concepts that provides a framework for organising and understanding observations. The function of a theory is to allow us to understand and predict the behaviourRead MoreDevelopment Theory And Walt Whitman Rostows Theory Of Development889 Words   |  4 PagesMODERNISATION THEORY Development is an abstract and subjective concept but the most popular definition of development is the betterment of human kind (Cowen et al., 1995). Walt Whitman Rostow in 1960 published a model which claimed that development in underdeveloped nations could occur in five basic steps: Traditional Society, Preconditions to Take-off, Take-off, Drive to Maturity, Age of High Mass Consumption. Due to Rostow’s fierce anti-communist beliefs, his definition of development resortedRead MoreImpact Of The Asian Financial Crisis Of 1997 On The Region s Development1704 Words   |  7 PagesII, development has been the most important term used to describe economic, social and political changes in what have come to be known as Third world countries† (Zhang, 2003). The Asian financial crisis of 1997 had a major impact on the regions development as it was the end of the East Asian economic miracle, a time that showed staggering economic growth throughout the Asia Pacific. However, despite evidence that the economic development has slowed down within the region, it can be argued thatRead MoreLiberal and Radical Approaches in Zambia1744 Words   |  7 Pagesstages to higher stages. It may refer to the notion of social progress or sociocultural evolution, the philosophical idea that society moves forward by dialectical or evolutionary means (Harper, 1993: 13). It may refer to a model change in the socio-economic structure, for instance a shift away from feudalism and towards capitalism. According to Giddens (2000: 32), social change is defined as the alteration of mechanisms within the social structure characterized by changes in cultural symbols, rulesRead MoreRostow s Theory Of Economic Growth997 Words   |  4 Pages Rostow’s theory of economic growth (or Rostovian take-off model), is historically one of the major models of economic growth. Published in 1960 by American economist Walt Whitman Rostow, the model dictates that economic growth occurs in five stages of fluctuating time periods. The five stages include 1) the traditional society, 2) the preconditions for take-off, 3) the take-off, 4) the drive to maturity, and finally, 5) the age of mass production. The following definitions were established by Walt

College LGBT Students Discrimination in Employment,...

College LGBT Students Discrimination in Employment, Education and Community: Problems and Possible Solutions Alcantara, Ma. Romelie Azucena, Claire The Seventh Secretary-General of the United Nations Kofi Annan (2006) once said that â€Å"Gender equality is more than a goal in itself. It is a precondition for meeting the challenge of reducing poverty, promoting sustainable development and building good governance.† However, despite this and all of the actions done by the LGBT (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender) groups, gender discrimination is still visible in our country especially in the sectors of employment, education and society. It is evident in the recent years that the number of LGBTs in these sectors has been increasing and†¦show more content†¦Miss Pao Alcantara (personal communication, November 15, 2013), a member of the organization of LGBT students from the University of the Philippines, told us through an interview that: It is really difficult to be an LGBT individual in the Philippines. For one, it’s really hard to come out as an LGBT because of the fear that our families won’t accept us, or people will judge us because of our sexual orientation and gender identity. We also see discrimination everywhere, from the companies not accepting transgender applicants, or firing employees who do homosexual acts†¦. For now, it’s really difficult. But I hope that it will change through time. Recent studies reveal that more big companies abroad are now accepting LGBT in their companies. Discrimination among these LGBT is diminishing in other countries. They can get promoted and are given greater work responsibilities based on their abilities (Hewlett Sumberg, 2011). According to a 1996 Newsweek magazine poll cited by Fitch (1997), a majority of American voters and even successful companies are conformed in the equality for gays and lesbians in the workplace. Likewise, Human Rights Campaign studies revealed that more than 300 employers are also giving benefit to the LGBT employees and are supporting their groups. Furthermore, different organizations such asShow MoreRelatedLgbt19540 Words   |  79 PagesWhat Is LGBT? LGBT stands for lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender and along with heterosexual they describe peoples sexual orientation or gender identity. These terms are explained in more detail here. Lesbian A lesbian woman is one who is romantically, sexually and/or emotionally attracted to women. Many lesbians prefer to be called lesbian rather than gay. Gay A gay man is one who is romantically, sexually and/or emotionally attracted to men. The word gay can be used to refer generallyRead MoreHomosexuality5409 Words   |  22 Pages MWENGE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF EDUCATION FACULT OF ARTS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF SOCIOLOGY COURSE TITTLE: SOCIALIZATION PROCESS COURSE CODE: SOC-108 TERM PAPER HOMOSEXUALITY IN TANZANIA STUDENT’S NAME MDODI F MDODI REG: T/DEG/MWUCE/2012/ 0578 SectionRead MoreAdvancing Effective Communicationcommunication, Cultural Competence, and Patient- and Family-Centered Care Quality Safety Equity53293 Words   |  214 Pages.............................................................19 Tailor the informed consent process to meet patient needs ........................................................................................................19 Provide patient education that meets patient needs ....................................................................................................................20 Address patient mobility needs during treatment .....................................................Read MoreCase: Chester Wayne Essay18738 Words   |  75 PagesReporting Information in the Report reflects the worldwide business activities of Kodak and our subsidiaries from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2010. Every attempt has been made to report performance data on a worldwide basis. Where that is not possible, exceptions are noted. Performance data from operations at leased facilities are included while data from outsourced operations are not. The content in this Report was selected and prioritized to communicate the overall approach, specific actions

Where Should They House The Criminally Insane - 1176 Words

Where should they house the criminally insane? Many civil and federal cases have had to deal with whether they should house the criminals in a mental institution; however, most of them end up in a state prison. Although housing them in mental institutions sounds more appealing a lot of funding goes into mental institutions, but most of the time there is not enough funding for all the criminals being convicted. The problem of where the criminals should be housed is a big problem in the field of law. Even though prosecutors have been dealing with this problem for several decades, it has not been solved which causes a lot of problems for the lawyers dealing with cases that have a criminally insane defendant. Criminal defense lawyers represent clients or organizations who have been accused of acts against the law. Criminal defense lawyers who work for the government are called public defenders. A criminal defense lawyer researches, prepares and argues a case on the behalf of a client so they can defend them from the criminal charges. Research and case preparation are the two things being done outside of actual trials. Criminal defense lawyers examine evidence, laws and statues, and past judicial rulings in order to strengthen arguments. Like all attorneys, they must earn a bachelor s degree, then complete three years of law school, specializing in criminal defense, before taking their state s bar exam..According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), all criminalShow MoreRelatedThe Criminal Action Procedure Is Justified Innocent Or Guilty1623 Words   |  7 PagesCarl Lee’s fingerprints on the gun, matched the bullets that shot the two men with Hailey’s gun and talke d to witness’ about what they saw. The arrest of the suspect, Carl Lee Hailey, was shown wrong in the movie also. The police showed up at his house hours after the crime with no warrant or evidence for the arrest. His Miranda Rights were not read to him and he was not cuffed when the police took him away. In a real life case police would definitely cuff the suspect and check them for weapons orRead MoreInsanity in Tell Tale Heart by Edgar Alan Poe1058 Words   |  5 Pagesdifferent; the court knows the defendant is guilty the only aspect they are unsure about is the punishment this murderer should receive. The State is pushing for a jail sentence and strongly believes that the defendant was sane at the time of the murder. It is nearly impossible for the defense to prove their evidence burden of 51%. The State claims that the defendant was criminally responsible at the time of the murder. By using excessive exaggeration, premeditation and motive, the Prosecution willRead MoreInsane, But Guilty : A Superior Substitute For Insanity Plea1426 Words   |  6 PagesJisette Blondet Mr. Albonetti English Composition March 11, 2016 Insane, But Guilty; A Superior Substitute For The Insanity Plea The Insanity Plea was first used in 1843, changing society’s perception on the . â€Å"Totally deprived of his understanding and memory so as not to know what he [was] doing, no more than an infant, a brute, or a wild beast† (Feigl 1995, 161).† What first started off as â€Å"complete madness† had evolved to the â€Å"Wild Beast† test after the twentieth century. Feigl had the perceptionRead MoreNot Guilty by Reason of Insanity: a Look Into the Insanity Defense1971 Words   |  8 Pagesbegan. The verdict of this trail changed the way the civilized world views the criminally insane. People who were criminally insane went from being viewed as evil and wild beasts to people who could not be held accountable for their actions at the time of the crime they committed. As time progressed, the insanity defense became an acceptable defense and rules were laid forth on how to declare people criminally insane.   In this essay I will give the events responsible for the McNaughton trial andRead MoreEssay about Criminal Defense Case Analysis796 Wo rds   |  4 Pagesfirst case that I will be examining will be in the case of the sleepwalking defense. On May 3, 1987, 23 year-old, Kenneth Parks, drove 14 miles to his wife’s parents house and viciously attacked them, killing his wife’s mother and severely wounding her father. â€Å"Accounts say he removed a tire iron from the car and entered the house, where he proceeded to beat his mother-in-law to death and choke his father-in-law into unconsciousness, while stabbing them with their own kitchen knife (Ramsland).† HeRead MoreInsanity Defense Essay1469 Words   |  6 Pagesand going insane. Many problems are raised by the existence of the insanity defense. For example, determining the patients true mental illness (whether they are faking or not), placement of the mentally ill after trial, the credibility of the psychological experts, the percentage of cases that are actually successful, and the usefulness of such a defense. The insanity defense is als o seen as a legal loophole and a waste of money. Due to this, the insanity defense as a whole should be abolishedRead MoreEquus Play Analysis799 Words   |  4 Pagesactions, he stabs 6 horse’s eyes out as though his god being is blinded and unable to see the (immoral) act he that he wanted to commit. Because of the violent act committed against the horses he was seen by the court as criminally insane and was sent to a psychiatric hospital where he meets his psychiatrist martin Dysart. Dysart, a child psychiatrist in his forties. He is tormented by doubts about the worth of his occupation as well as about the value of his being. After working with Alan for manyRead MoreThe Insanity Plea: History and Implications2382 Words   |  10 Pagescriminal defendants should not be found guilty of their crimes by reason of mental instability has been a well established judicial action throughout centuries of jurisdiction. Even though the original intent of this practice was to soften the harsh consequences of capital punishments, the psychiatric state of persons convicted of crimes quickly became an important mechanism of social regulation. The justification for this mechanism lies in the assumption that the criminally insane are irrational andRead MoreThe Ideological Concept Of Insanity Defense2313 Words   |  10 Pagesadjudge guilty of such act (Hill). Through such incorporation of a legal defense, the institution of a new societal grouping known commonly as the â€Å" criminally insane† became expounded, as well as, the legal opportunity allowing for self-declaration of being â€Å"innocent by reason of mental illness or defect†(or, the insanity defense). Those criminally insane are a subset of the prison population who have been deemed to have committed their crimes under the influence of a mental disease/disorder, or whoRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr.1078 Words   |  5 Pagesand his sister, and was raised by his mom, Alberta, and his dad, Martin Sr. and was very close to his grandmother, Mama Williams (History.com Staff). She passed away when he was twelve and he tried committing suicide by jumping out of a two-story house (Haskins 14). He only ended up with a few bruises and was never seriously injured (Biography.com Editors). That was a turning point for his life. He got married to a singer and musician, Coretta Scott, in June 1953 (Biography.com Editors). The couple

The Defense Budget Should Increase Military Spending

To spend or not to spend, that is the question. America is torn, not sure whether it should increase military spending or if it should considerably slash the budget. Advocates for a higher defense budget claim more spending will lead to a stronger, better trained military, which would in turn help secure our status as the superlative military power of the world. However, supporters of the defense budget cuts argue for a reduction in troop size, which they believe would save the country billions and allow the nation to focus those savings on next generation technology for protection. This argument has raged for decades with no solution in sight. Maybe we have been approaching this problem all wrong. Perhaps, instead of the shortsighted approach of either raise or lower the budget, we try a smarter, more efficient method of spending to ensure every dollar of our annual military budget positively impacts our national defense. The debate whether to raise or lower the defense budget has p lagued this nation for generations with many sides expressing their viewpoints on the matter. Though there are no doubt countless points of views, two main camps come to the forefront: either rise or lower the budget. These two opposing camps are often broad enough to encompass most other ideas on the debate whether for or against it, leaving outliers little room at the proverbial table in which to make their case. Proponents for a fiscal increase range far and wide with perhaps the mostShow MoreRelatedThe Allocation Of Funds Is An Ongoing Debate1673 Words   |  7 Pagesdebate what should take precedence when it comes to government spending. In general, lawmakers fall into one of two categories. They either believe and support that more government funds should be spent on social services, or the opposing view is that more should be allocated toward defense spending. Despite what elected officials might think, there is a finite amount of funds, therefore, without continuing to inc rease the national debt, an increase in spending in one category should cause a decreaseRead MoreThe First Article Argues That We Should Not Increase Our1298 Words   |  6 Pagesfirst article argues that we should not increase our defense spending. Jake Novak, is a senior columnist for CNBC.com and is the author of the article. Novak says that President Trump could buy more jets, ships and military technology like he plans to do without raising the budget. He says that the United States spends over $155 billion per year to maintain our overseas military bases. He doesn t propose that we should eliminate all of the approximately 800 military installations we have in aboutRead MoreThe Total Budget Of The United States Essay1554 Words   |  7 PagesThe total budget of the United States is $4.1 trillion. This accrues for two-thirds of the total spending budget. $1.14 trillion (33%) is spent on institutions such as Social Security, Labor, and Unemployment. $1.03 trillion (27%) is sp ent on Medicare and Health. $586.6 billion (16%) is spent on military. Veterans benefits, food and agriculture, transportation, housing, education make up the remaining 44% of the total budget. The discretionary budget is the portion of the the federal budget that congressRead MoreFederal Budget Essay1118 Words   |  5 PagesThe federal budget is known as the notorious economic tank from which money is distributed to various programs. The money used every fiscal year, which begins October 1st and ends September 30th the next year, belongs to the people. The government raises this money through taxes and they spend it on national defense, Medicare, and social security. The federal budget is an exercise in making choices, and those options will certainly affect individuals living in the U.S. These choices cause debtRead MoreGeorge Trump : A Great Indicator Of Change1176 Words   |  5 PagesTrump is surely to be a great indicator of change, one way or the other. With the new president in office, there is sure to be new defense policy in place. The biggest concern in the matter of what is going to happen to defense funding. In recent years the budget for defense has been decreasing steadily. That in turn has cut down the number of soldiers the military can recruit because of funding. This can be massive to the entire department. The fewer soldiers the more at risk the country is. FromRead MoreThe U.s. National Debt1129 Words   |  5 Pagesdebt today is the highest the U.S. has ever seen. In George Washington’s Farewell Address, he declared the U.S. should avoid going into debt. If the nation end up in a deficit, that the debtors were responsible for paying off the debt so that it doesn’t burden the future generations. Like the rest of this advice in his Farewell Address, the nation ignored it. The ideal goal right now should be to stop the debt from increasing anymore because it is impossible to stop the debt from increasing and expectRead MoreAnalysis Of Robert Kagan s Article The Importance Of U.s. Military1050 Words   |  5 Pages Robert Kagan’s article â€Å"The Importance of U.S. Military Might Shouldn’t be underestimated† examines whether or not implementing defense cuts would be good for the US national interests. He argues that it would not be good idea due to the U.S’s use of the military force to help spread democracy around the world and upholding the international system. He fears that these defense budget reductions will lead to U.S. forced to cede power over to other countries due to the reduction of theRead MoreThe United States National Debt1328 Words   |  6 Pagesfinancial practice is to not spend more money than you earn and borrow only for emergencies. It appears our Congress is incapable of adhering to sound financial practices as in the last fifty years there have only been five years when the U.S. recorded a budget surplus. Between 20 09 and 2012 the U.S. added 5.5 trillion dollars to its national debt. Neither Republicans nor Democrats appear to have any sense of urgency in rectifying this problem. Fortunately the U.S. Government has a good reputation ofRead MoreJapan Defense Essay722 Words   |  3 Pagesof 2016 marks dramatic changes in Japan’s defense and military actions. According to the Annual White Paper of Japan’s Ministry of Defense, Japan has been facing changes of its neighboring countries’ military operations in 2016. Due to North Korea’s military provocations, China’s aggression in the North China Sea, Russia’s fortified marine and air forces, and beheaded of two Japanese civilians by the ISIS, the Ministry of Defense (MOD) and the Self-Defense Forces (SDF) have to take up the responsibilityRead MoreIs American Education Getting Worse Or Better?. One Of1638 Words   |  7 Pagescompared to other countries. There are three different ways to prevent Americans to fail on the education system such as spending less money on war a nd inmates and lower the high school dropout rates. First, Americans are willing to put more money toward war than education. Education should be the number one priority instead of war. Americans pay 21% of their taxes to the military. â€Å"In fiscal year 2015, the federal government spent $3.7 trillion, amounting to 21 percent of the nation’s gross domestic

Tien Tien Free Essays

Phung Th? y Tien ATCC-K13 In Britain, when someone gets old they often go to live in a home with other old people where there are nurses to look after them. Sometimes the government has to pay for this care. Who should be responsible for our old people? ESSAY There has been an ongoing debate for years about which one will care for the elderly. We will write a custom essay sample on Tien Tien or any similar topic only for you Order Now It would be argued that the government has to be responsible for the old people. Others would believe that the adult children have to take responsibility for their parents by themselves. Personally, I am convinced that taking care of the senior citizens is the responsibility of both the family and the government. On the one hand, people who dedicated all their life to build up their home deserve the best care from their children when they get old. It would be argued that it is expensive to support old people who have little or no income. In my opinion, it is a dogmatic statement and it goes against the moral values if family members abandon the old people because of those reasons. We should not forget that older people may financially and morally contribute the family when they were young. Their children have gained various things from them like financial security, moral values and so on. All family members need to respect the elderly people, make them feel happy and give them the best care. On the other hand, the Government also has to take the responsibility for taking care the old people. The old people may have done many things to contribute to the national budget like paying tax or working for free when they were young, so they should be received financial assistance from the Government when they get old. Government should give the elderly old-age pension or pay for the care in the nursing home where the old people live in. The Government can also provide subsidy to the poor members who live with elderly parents and invest more money in facilities and training for care workers in the nursing home as well. All things considered, the old people must be received the best care from not only the government but also their family members and society. Children have to look after their elderly parents well, and the government should support the senior citizens in many ways. (346 words) How to cite Tien Tien, Papers

Douglas C Engelbart Essay Research Paper OverviewA free essay sample

Douglas C. Engelbart Essay, Research Paper Overview A innovator in the country of human-computer communications, Engelbart # 8217 ; s theories on utilizing computing machines and package to augment human mind led to the development of such points as the graphical user interface ( GUI ) and the mouse. Although such things as the graphical user interface and the mouse are mostly taken for granted today, they might non be portion of the calculating environment without Douglas Engelbart and his pursuit to develop a computerized system to help human mind. Douglas Engelbart was born in 1925 in Portland, Ore. He graduated from high school in Portland and enrolled at Oregon State University in Corvallis in 1942. Engelbart planned to analyze electrical technology, and had a strong involvement in larning RADAR, at the clip a new military engineering. Although he had no involvement in a military calling, he besides had no other calling programs. He was simply interested in acquiring an instruction. Engelbart was drafted at the terminal of his sophomore twelvemonth, and took a trial the Navy had designed to place persons with involvement in RADAR engineering. He passed the trial and was accepted into the Navy # 8217 ; s year-long preparation plan. It was Engelbart # 8217 ; s old ages as a radio detection and ranging tech that would greatly determine his hereafter vision of how computing machines should expose information. Besides an early influence on his work was Vannevar Bush # 8217 ; s 1945 article As We May Think, a treatment of the future usage of machines as mechanical AIDSs to human mind, which he read in a Red Cross infirmary in the Phillipines while expecting discharge. Following the war, Engelbart returned to Oregon State University, where he received a unmarried man of scientific discipline grade in electrical technology in 1948. After graduation, he took a place as an electrical applied scientist at Ames Aeronautical Laboratory in Mountain View, Calif. It was during this clip that Engelbart began believing about how complicated the universe had become and how worlds would pull off the complex new challenges they were confronting. He considered the human idea procedure, and the tools worlds use to believe. While driving to work one twenty-four hours, he saw an image of the radio detection and ranging screens he had spent hours scanning while in the Navy, and he envisioned how similar screens could be used to expose information from a computing machine. The theory of augmentation # 8212 ; helping the development of greater human mind by leting machines to execute the mechanical portion of thought and thought sharing # 8212 ; began to develop. At the clip, there was merely a smattering of computing machines across the state, and the lone manner to acquire information from them was through punch cards and printouts. Yet, Engelbart could see how easy computing machines and human existences could work together if the tools could be developed to let them to make so. It would take some 10 old ages before he would happen anyone to take him earnestly, nevertheless. In 1951, Engelbart decided to look for a manner to acquire into the computing machine field. He left Ames and entered graduate school at the University of California-Berkeley, which was carry oning a undertaking to construct a general intent digital computing machine. Although he didn # 8217 ; T do contact with an existent computing machine at Berkeley until 1953, and he wasn # 8217 ; t able to convert his co-workers to pass valuable research clip look intoing his thoughts, he did have his Ph.D. in electrical technology in 1955, and he stayed on to learn for another twelvemonth. Hoping to develop some of the patents from his Ph.D. work to fund his augmentation research, Engelbart so started a little concern. He closed it in 1957 when he realized that the semiconducting material industry was poised to short-circuit much of his earlier research. Tired after seven old ages of seeking to convert others of the thoughts he wished to prosecute, En gelbart took a place as a computing machine research worker with the Stanford Research Institute in Menlo Park, Calif. There, he was able to carry SRI # 8217 ; s direction to give some of its internal research and development money to his attempts. Coupled with financess Engelbart had received from the Air Force, he was able to work full-time for several old ages at his regular occupation, utilizing his trim clip to develop and compose the constructs behind the engineerings he envisioned. This work would assist fund his hereafter research. The launch of the Soviet starship Sputnik in 1957 would impel Engelbart # 8217 ; s research forward as good. In response to Sputnik # 8217 ; s launch, and the ensuing concern over the U.S. # 8217 ; s loss of technological high quality, the federal authorities developed the Advanced Research Projects Agency ( ARPA ) to fund new research undertakings that might assist the U.S. regain its traditional strength. One of the undertakings ARPA staff was interested in was Engelbart # 8217 ; s, and in 1963 his group at SRI received support for a research lab designed to travel computing machine engineering into a new kingdom. Engelbart called this procedure bootstrapping, a term he still uses today, and he named the research lab the Augmentation Research Center ( ARC ) . There, Engelbart and several co-workers created the On-line System ( NLS ) , the first integrated environment for thought processing. The system utilized a figure of tools that most computing machine users take for granted today # 8212 ; outline editors for thought development, a mouse indicating device for on-screen choice, shared-screen teleconference, hypertext linking, word processing, e-mail, online aid systems, and a full windowing package environment. In 1968, Engelbart and his group demonstrated these capablenesss at the Fall Joint Computer Conference in San Francisco. Before a big audience, utilizing a keyboard, screen, mouse and a head-mounted mike, Engelbart demonstrated the system he had long dreamed approximately. It was the first on the job theoretical account for the hereafter of computing machines, and it electrified the audience. ARPA canceled the support of the Augmentation Center in the early 1970s, and the centre closed in 1977. Many of the squad members went on to the Palo Alto Research Center ( PARC ) , a new research centre Xerox Corporation had built. There, Engelbart # 8217 ; s creative activities were refined, added to, and used as the footing for the first personal computing machine, the Altair. Engelbart, nevertheless, joined Tymshare Inc. , which had bought the teleconference system he demonstrated at the San Francisco conference in 1968. He worked at Tymshare as a senior scientist until the company was purchased by McDonnell Douglas Corp. in 1989. In recent old ages, Engelbart has worked at Stanford University, where he is manager of the Bootstrap Project. The focal point of the undertaking is to convey together computing machine sellers, developers, and end-users to work together on the engineering required by today # 8217 ; s quickly altering universe. The undertaking is funded by the Kapor Family Foundation, Apple Computers, and Sun Microsystems. Beginnings: lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: /www.ualberta.ca/~ckeep/hf10035.html gt ; Keep, C.J. , McLaughlin, Tim. Douglas Engelbart. Copyright 1995, robinrobin.escalation @ ACM.org. Rheingold, Howard. Virtual Reality. Summit Books, 1991. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //sln.fi.edu/tfi/exhibits/Engelbart.html gt ; The Franklin Institute of Merit # 8212 ; Douglas C. Engelbart. Saffo, Paul. Rushing Change on a Merry-go-round. Personal Computing, May 25, 1990. Weiss, Ann E. Virtual Reality: A Door to Cyberspace. Twenty-first Century Books ( a division of Henry Holt and Company ) , 1996. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.csl.sri.com/augmentation.html gt ; CSL History: Engelbart. Ransdell, Eric. The Man Who Sees the Future. U.S. News and World Report, May 20, 1996.

Death of Science Essay Example For Students

Death of Science Essay Science Of DeathNathaniel Hawthorne was a writer with many successful stories. From reading those stories it is evident that he had an obsession with science and experimenting with people. In his stories you can find characters (or scientists) trying to find answers that typically end in death. This tragic result shows how one of Hawthornes main themes is the misuse of science. The misuse of science that Hawthorne establishes in his stories is assiduous, but is most evident in The Birth Mark. In this short story he describes a couple, Aylmer and Georgiana, who are intertwine with science. For Aylmer believed the love of science could rival the love of a woman in its depth and absorbing energy because of Aylmers love of science. For Georgianas beauty came so nearly perfect from the hand of Nature except for a minor blemish. The blemish or defect was in the center of Georgianas left cheek, and was the reason that Aylmer thought he needed to experiment on or remove it. This was the basis of Hawthornes theme and the reoccurring themes that involved science, which he is emphasizing. The story of Aylmer and Georgiana goes on to tell how they made the removal of this singular mark the justification of science and human experimentation. Before Georgiana can get it removed she has to be convinced of the benefits of this experiment. But his fear that it might be fatal to keep the birthmark is revealed to her through talking in his sleep. She is disturbed on how important it is to him,so she agrees to the removal. With the help of his assistant, Aminadab, he begins the experiments. He locking her in a fumigating room and drugged her to delusions making a strange, indefinite sensation creeping through her veins, and tingling, half painfully, half pleasurably, at her heart. On one occasion between experiments, she found Aylmers journals sorcerers books. These journals were the sad confession and continual exemplification of the shortcomings of the composite man, the spirit burdened with clay and working in matter, and of the despair that assails the higher nature at finding itself so miserably thwarted by the earthly part that were common failures of a genius men or that of scientists. Ending in tragic results were the theme of this collection of journals such as the theme of this tale and of Hawthornes stories. So in the despair of many failed attempts at removing this birthmark, Aylmer and Georgiana fall into insanity over this one minor blemish. Through Aylmers insanity he believed that he should use the most precious poison that ever was concocted in this world- the elixir of immortality. Others who had gotten to this long-sought medium were incapable of using it. But to Aylmer and Georgiana, physical beauty was important than death. So she took the elixir of life and was granted beauty that is, the birthmark was removed. But it cost Georgiana her life. This proverb of Hawthornes and that of his many stories is centered on the idea of taking life, portrayed as the misuse of science. Like Georgiana and the elixir of life, science is misused. Where it is suppose to give more opportunities, it does the opposite and only takes life and Aylmers dream came true.

Case Study Of Alpaca Clothing Private Limited †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Case Study Of Alpaca Clothing Private Limited. Answer: Introduction: The most important factor that decides the fate of the international expansion is the cross cultural communication. Intercultural communication can be defined as the concept of communication styles and approaches that enhances the connection among people across different culture and societal groups. It can be considered as a construct that explores and analyses the effect of culture on communication and interaction. Common variables of intercultural communication includes social attributes, thought patterns, traditional values, principles, and cultural norms associated with different groups of people belonging to different ethnic or cultural backgrounds. It includes interconnected school of thoughts and theories that define intercultural communication and along with different attributes of communication (Chaney and Martin 2013). The concept of intercultural communication also explores the communication barriers that exist between two or more cultural backgrounds and how to overcome t hem. This assignment will utilize multiple domains of intercultural communication in order to explore, analyze, and overcome the communication barrier that exist in between two cultural backgrounds when it comes to a business scenario taking the help of a case study. Case description: The case study represents the scenario where clothing company by the name alpaca clothing Private Limited that has entertained a satisfactory sales in retail outlets in Australia This small scale company had had the first opportunity to expand to the Asian territory by the virtue of signing a contract for fibre processing service in China. However the company representative in the Chinese location chosen by the company is an Australian born marketing professional by the name of Jonathan Jones. However despite the expertise and professional competence of Jonathan, he had no basic idea of Chinese culture and has never lived abroad, hence his intercultural understanding was very limited. It has been already mentioned above that in case of cross-cultural business dealings the role of optimal intercultural communication is profound. It has to be mentioned in this context that Jonathan had no better understanding of the Chinese culture and had failed to facilitate effective and successful intercultural communication between the Chinese company site and his Australian counterpart and as a result, a few misunderstanding and negotiation flaws have had already occurred. For reviving the situation well planned and strategic intercultural communication and intervention is required taking help from cultural analysis and intercultural communication theories and core competencies. Intercultural theories and competencies: There are many theories that can be associated with the concept of intercultural communication. And each of the theories has a profound impact on the development of the intercultural communication competencies which are extremely required for any crosscultural representative to do his work properly. In the case study the most important flaw in Jonathan had been the fact that he had never lived outside his own country and had no understanding of how to blend in different cultural backgrounds (Jandt 2017). In order for him to succeed in his position and the present it is very important for him to understand different intercultural theories and develop the core competencies of intercultural communication. According to the theory of intercultural adaptation, the most effective method of intercultural communication is through learned communicative competencies. This theory directs the individual towards understanding the foreign culture and then adapting the communication pattern to blend in. The next theory is co cultural theory, which defines communication with our interactions among underrepresented individuals (Samovar et al. 2014). This theory directs individuals to be accepting and open minded about the differences between two cultures and exercise equal position between the groups to facilitate optimal and culturally competent interaction. The theory of communication acculturation represents the cross cultural adaptation to be a task that can be accomplished with only collaborative effort between the parties involved. And on the other hand the communication accommodation theory relies on different linguistic strategies to decrease the communicative distance between two cultural backgrounds. Linking the main Idea behind the theories it can be mentioned that intercultural communication competencies can be developed with better understanding of the cultural differences, compassionate acceptance of the cultural differences, honest and strategic adaptation techniq ues, and most importantly collaborative effort between the parties involved (Carbaugh 2013). Now coming to the modern core competencies of intercultural communication the most important factors has to be proficient knowledge about the host cultural background and linguistic characteristics. Along with that communication can never be effective without emphasis on the nonverbal characteristics of the communication. For example traits like tone of voice, posture, communication approach, eye contact, time and space, and gestures account for the most important influencing factors of effective communication (Neuliep 2013). Core competencies of intercultural communication can never be complete without mentioning key personality traits like flexibility, open-mindedness, empathy, equality, and adaptability in the individual. Hence, Jonathan as a company representative has to develop all these competencies in order to facilitate effective interaction between the both of the countries. Cultural difference between Australia and China: In order to entertain effective intercultural interaction between both the countries, Jonathan will also need to have a thorough analysis of the cultural differences between the two countries. Australia can be considered a very open minded, westernized, and modern society with an individualistic and progressive take to the lifestyle. China on the other hand is very traditional Confucian cultural societies where traditional values and principles are given the most importance over any modernized are progressive change. In order to better understand the cultural dimension differences between both the countries the help of hofstede cultural dimensions analysis can be taken. Each of the cultural dimension looks at different aspect of culture and its importance effect on the society. On elaboration of the very first dimension, power distance in which Australia scores much lower than China at 36 indicating that the business culture of Australia is not dependent on unequal distribution of po wer. Accessible, collaborative, and shared decision making is the main structural components of industrial culture of Australia and communication is informal direct and participative. China on the other hand is a Confucian society is a very high at the score of 80. It's very clearly indicates that the clear stratification of power among the organizational hierarchy and a very formal and respectful. The next dimension is individualism in which China ranks very low at score of 20 indicating a very collectivist culture in the society showcasing a Cooperative and collaborative lifestyle. Whereas Australia at the score of 90 shows a very individualistic and person based society. In the component of uncertainty avoidance Australia has a very intermediate score with no clear indication on whether the societal culture is appreciative of uncertainty or not, and on the other hand China had a much lower score of 30 indicating no acceptance towards uncertainty of change. In case of long term or ientation, China has a score of 87 showcasing a very responsible and pragmatic social culture, and in contrast, Australia at 21 shows a normative culture. Indulgence is the next dimension where China scores very low at 21 showing a very restrained and disciplined society and Australia at 71 is an indulgent country with least importance to discipline and restrain (Hofstede Insights 2018). Effect on the cultural difference on business: Hence it is clear that there are vast cultural differences between the both countries and inevitably in there are profound impact of the cultural difference on the business dealings and etiquettes of both the countries. For instance China is a Confucian society and the business etiquettes of this country is based on a strong power distance, discipline, and punctuality. Here the business dealings are very formal and everyone is expected to maintain a certain composure during the business interactions (Kleinman and Lin 2012). Formal courtesy and justice is also very important to the business etiquette of China and maintaining the respectful relationship is very important to the business etiquettes of the country. Communication is very formal, pleasantries and greetings are exchanged in a formal yet warm manner and conflict is avoided at all costs. Coming to nonverbal communication, in China, body language and posture is always expected to be formal and attentive that exhibit self contr ol and respectfulness that the country thrives on (Law 2012). Australia on the other hand is a much more organized and open minded country with a straight forward and innovative business mentality. The business hierarchy is open, accessible, and decision making is shared among the different organizational sectors with a warm participative communication statistics. There are not traditional restrictions to nonverbal communication, body language and appearance and the business etiquette is very similar to European cultural characteristics. Organizational hierarchy interacts warmly and regularly with the lower employees and their significant power distance in the Australian business etiquette and is very appreciative of change and innovation (Lantis and Charlton 2011). Barriers to effective communication: With such a vast difference between the business culture and societal norm among the both of the countries, defective communication is inevitable. However in order for the company representative to effectively counteract the barriers, identification and analysis of the barriers is very important. The very first barrier among the both of the countries and effective communication among them is the linguistic barrier. Australia is a mainly English language operated country and in China English is not the dominating operational language. Along with that another very common barrier to intercultural communication is the non verbal communication components. It has to be mentioned that China is a very formal and traditional country and Australia is a loud and open country (Casmir 2013). Hence factors that tone of voice, gesture, eye contact, body language, and vocal characteristics have a huge impact on the communication between both countries. Another key issue can be the stereotypic prejud ices among both of the cultures. Cultural competence and knowledge is acquired which is only developed through direct experience which Jonathan lacked terribly. Hence the differences between both cultures might have acted as prejudice refraining him from blending in with the cultural norms of China (Mindess 2014). Informal understanding and personality traits can also serve as communication barriers and cross cultural settings. It has to be understood that Jonathan had a very European and open minded are bringing and while, understanding of societal pleasantries might be very different from what is appreciated and accepted in China. Hence the lack of adaptivity to Chinese culture and basic knowledge about their lifestyle is a great hurdle that affected the communication significantly (Neuliep 2013). Recommendation: According to most of the authors, cultural competence is an acquired quality, and it can only be enhanced through effort and experience. The communication on misconduct among Australia and China in this case study has been facilitated by the lack of knowledge and intercultural competence in the chosen representative. However the culture intercultural communication analysis and cultural difference analysis done about can provide useful Framework based on which recommendation strategies can be devised for Jonathan to follow in order to improve his intercultural communication capabilities and aid to this position better. First and foremost, Jonathan will need to have a thought of cultural analysis of the traditions and societal norms of Chinese society so that he can understand the impact of the social traditions on the business etiquettes. Enforcement can be considered the key to understanding of foreign culture. Jonathan will also have to mingle with the natives on interpersonal level to understand the route to the tradition and be able to respond to their cultural etiquettes better (Neuliep 2013). Along with that the basic intercultural communication competence a should not be ignored either, and Jonathan can easily take the assistant of online courses and workshops to enhance his verbal and nonverbal communication qualities and core competencies of intercultural communication. Last but not the least maintaining a self reflective journal will be very beneficial for Jonathan so that he can keep track of his own progress and learn from his own mistakes. Cultural competence is associated with empathy respect and equality towards all cultures. Jonathan will have to entertain honest effort towards understanding and respecting different cultural backgrounds as his own to be able to blend in with Chinese culture as efficiently as he could with his own native background (Carbaugh 2013). Conclusion: On a concluding note, it has to be mentioned that International expansion can only be effective when the cross-cultural factors are respected and addressed in an efficient and strategic manner. This case study is a excellent example of the impact lack of strategic planning and actions towards better intercultural interaction between two internationally cooperating business entities can have on the overall productivity and profitability of the business operation. Hence, for any international business dealings a thorough cultural analysis and comparison adjustment is needed before attempting the cross cultural business. Jonathan in this case had been chosen to represent the company in the Chinese society where has he had no idea about the cultural norms of the country or any core competencies of intercultural interaction. However with cultural comparison analysis and strategic action to improve the cultural competence and understanding of foreign culture corporate companies can easily succeed in international expansions. References: Asante, M.K., Miike, Y. and Yin, J. eds., 2013.The global intercultural communication reader. Routledge. 2, pp123-150 Carbaugh, D. ed., 2013.Cultural communication and intercultural contact. Routledge. Pp 185-193 Casmir, F.L. ed., 2013.Ethics in intercultural and international communication. Routledge. Pp 150-165 Chaney, L. and Martin, J., 2013.Intercultural business communication. Pearson Higher Ed. Hofstede Insights. (2018).Country Comparison - Hofstede Insights. [online] Available at: https://www.hofstede-insights.com/country-comparison/australia,china [Accessed 14 Feb. 2018]. Jandt, F.E., 2017.An introduction to intercultural communication: Identities in a global community. Sage Publications. Pp250-280 Kleinman, A. and Lin, T.Y. eds., 2013.Normal and abnormal behavior in Chinese culture(Vol. 2). Springer Science Business Media.pp123-135 Lantis, J.S. and Charlton, A.A., 2011. Continuity or change? The strategic culture of Australia.Comparative strategy,30(4), pp.291-315. Law, W.W., 2012. Educational leadership and culture in China: Dichotomies between Chinese and Anglo-American leadership traditions?.International Journal of Educational Development,32(2), pp.273-282. Martin, J.N., 2015. Revisiting intercultural communication competence: Where to go from here.International Journal of Intercultural Relations,48, pp.6-8. Mindess, A., 2014.Reading between the signs: Intercultural communication for sign language interpreters. Nicholas Brealey Publishing. 3, pp. 125-145 Neuliep, J.W., 2017.Intercultural communication: A contextual approach. Sage Publications. 7. Pp 46-55 Ren, H., 2010.Neoliberalism and culture in China and Hong Kong: The countdown of time. Routledge. , 3, pp 120-130 Renzaho, A., Green, J., Mellor, D. and Swinburn, B., 2011. Parenting, family functioning and lifestyle in a new culture: the case of African migrants in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.Child family social work,16(2), pp.228-240. Samovar, L.A., Porter, R.E., McDaniel, E.R. and Roy, C.S., 2014.Intercultural communication: A reader. Cengage Learning.1, Pp 141-153 vom Brocke, J. and Sinnl, T., 2011. Culture in business process management: a literature review.Business Process Management Journal,17(2), pp.357-378.

Test 1 Flashcard

Test 1

Words Can Changes Your Views The Book Thief Literary Essay Essay Example

Words Can Changes Your Views: The Book Thief Literary Essay Paper Words Can Changes Your Views: The Book Thief Literary Essay Wouldnt you like to read a book where the author gives you details of his or her story in mysterious ways? Markus Zusak created a novel of a girl observed by Death, in the town of Mulching Germany. Zusaks novel, The Book Thief included different types of literary devices like personification, metaphors and de-personification to make The Book Thief a better plot for the readers imagination. Even though Zusaks novels novel created a world of hate it also gave a new view on how no one should judge a book by its cover. An author may use metaphors to describe his or her characters emotions, movement or environment. A metaphor is a comparison of two unlikely objects to co- exist with each other. Zusaks narrator in The Book Thief, death describes how Liesel was nervous by letting his readers know that necklace of sweat had formed around (Liesels) throat (Zusak 122). This gave a foresight of Liesels anxiety, agitation and numb affect. Zusak also captured his characters dialogue through his own use of literary devices. The words were thrown at (Isle Hermans) steps (1 15), when Liesel as screaming at Isle for sacking (firing) Rosa Huberam. One other way an author may use metaphors, is to tell his or her readers of the reaction to the characters environment. Just like when Liesel . Lay(ed) back. (Liesel) closed her eyes and her ears held the notes (71), expressed Zusaks characters emotional connection to the sounds she heard around her. Zusak allowed his reader to not only read his book but to have a more mental insight to Zusaks characters. We will write a custom essay sample on Words Can Changes Your Views: The Book Thief Literary Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Words Can Changes Your Views: The Book Thief Literary Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Words Can Changes Your Views: The Book Thief Literary Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Personification is used to give the authors inanimate objects such as doors, clothes and walls, human characteristics. An author can chose to also even give a spirit or myth like death. a heart (71), personifying death as a regular human with feelings, integrity and moral concepts. The Book Thief even gave their readers a view on how nasty things like sweat- that malignant little friend over staying its welcome (1 75), can disturb a persons physical appearance, and how the body can be nuisance. Death also gave us a view that even though sweat helps your body cool down it is still a repulsive stimulant. There are many other ways to also use personification in texts, such as using the white snow sky that stood still at the indow (7), is a picture of the snow collecting at the windowsill acting as if it could stand like a human made out of snowflakes. Personification was used to give Zusaks storys setting more life and emotional background. Many other authors also use a literary device called de-personification. De- personification is giving a human or a person non-human quality like the ability to fly or soar like the wind. Just like when Zusak de-personified the Humans hiding in the clouds (1 3), to describe the bringers of death in the sky hiding from the citizens eyes, giving Death a larger work load to his already undesirable Job. Another example of de-personification Zusak used in The Book Thief was when his characters were in match (1 85), showed the readers a view of Max Vandenberg was frighten, astonished and startled by Liesels appearance. An author may also choose to de-personify ones physical appearance, like a smile or an expression of ones face. For example when Rudy Steiner smiled It ran across (Rudy Steiners) face like a skid (162), de- personified how Rudy was so quick at his ingenuous handy-work. Authors are capable of using literary devises to give their characters a more supernatural haracteristic to the readers eyes. Zusak created his little world of The Book Thief and included many subtle literary devices to give his characters a stronger mental image to the readers. The Book Thief not only gave the reader a story in a mysterious world with strange details but gave you a story of how even darkness sees a light. Zusak created a novel with the intentions to keep his readers drawn into the story devouring the reader from the first page to the final ending. The Book Thief showed there is always a light at the end of the tunnel.

Workplace culture and job satisfaction Essays

Workplace culture and job satisfaction Essays Workplace culture and job satisfaction Essay Workplace culture and job satisfaction Essay The intent of our research was to seek to calculate out what made employees happy with their occupation. Specifically this survey asked if there was a relationship between workplace civilization and occupation satisfaction. As there are infinite facets of workplace civilization merely a few were selected for this research. This is something of import for employers to cognize because it helps them to break facilitate to their workers wants and needs which creates a better work environment. Job satisfaction is normally a finding factor in keeping rate, which can assist employers to salvage clip and money with reduced turnover rate. Job satisfaction has been studied by infinite research workers over the old ages such as McNall and Fox. There are a broad assortment of factors as to what leads to a worker being satisfied with their occupation or conversely dissatisfied. Job satisfaction plays an of import function for both the employee and the employer as it frequently has some relationship to employee keeping. This subject is non merely limited to one location country or one occupation type, but instead it is a broad spread across the states and professions. Job satisfaction can be higher or lower depending on the person and what facets of the occupation factors are more or less of import to them. Some facets that demand farther probe in relationship to occupation satisfaction are the employer s places on frock codifications and flexible work hours. This survey will research both of these relationships. Flextime or a flexible work agenda, along with a worker s ability to work at place, or ability to telecommute were all investigated. Companies offer many different types of flexible working conditions/hours for employees, frequently based on the occupation demands and the worker s demands. A flexible work agenda must be made for each occupation separately. There does non be an overall solution for flexible work agendas ; it is based on different occupation demands. The old research on flexible working conditions was examined in general, non for a specific occupation demand. Other research workers have noted their findings related to this capable affair. Some research workers have discussed the demand for there to be an good balance of clip spent at work and clip spent with the household or at place for a worker to be happy or be satisfied overall with their occupation ( Pryce, 2006 ; Jang, 2009 ; Fox, 2003 ; Cooke, 2009 ; Zacharias, 2005 ; Brown, 2003 ) . However, Middlesworth ( 2006 ) reported that satisfaction is a pick, similar to the belief that one can take to be happy and to hold a positive mentality. He does non believe that any factors exist that have a greater impact on satisfaction than merely the pick to be satisfied at one s occupation. This is because he feels that occupation satisfaction is a traveling mark anyways and is besides a conditioned response. Previous research surveies have found that workers do hold increased satisfaction when work hours are more suitable to the workers and their single demands, alternatively of merely the typical criterion workweek. For illustration Cooke ( 2009 ) noted in his findings that workers with weekend-based short workweek ( WBSW ) did turn out to be more satisfied. Similarly, the consequences of Fox ( 2003 ) once more reported that there was a higher degree of satisfaction in employees who had occupations that allowed them to equilibrate work and household life. His research was able to turn out that this so did do a decreased sum of turnover for these occupations. In 2002, a survey done by the Families and Work Institute reported that 78 % of those that were employed were populating in dual-earner households, this figure has increased by 12 % in the 30 old ages since 1977, when the figure was at 66 % ( Jang, 2009 ) . This survey besides showed that merely less than half of the people that stated they were populating in dual-earner households besides had kids under the age of 18 old ages old. Taking these facts into consideration it is noted that many of these female parents look for occupations that can offer them better options to equilibrate household life and their work life. Jobs that offer such benefits for working parents such as onsite kid attention, flexible hours, household friendly policies and maternity/paternity leave. Past research has shown that there is an addition of occupation satisfaction every bit good as a lessening of absenteeism and turnover when workers have been able to better balance work and household life because the occupation had flexible work hours. As Pryce provinces: The benefits of accomplishing a balance between work and place life for employees are widely recognized in footings of enhanced occupation satisfaction, good being and wellness ( 2006, p283 ) . Pryce reports the findings of an rating of an open-rota work scheduling intercession, which was created to see if workers felt that they were better able to equilibrate work and household life. Open-rota bases for an unfastened rotary motion system where infirmary workers operate on a agenda like this. They had to come up with a system that worked for those who were employed in the medical professions as they can non work from place or truly hold flexible work agendas like some other professions. This survey did demo that employees reported that they felt an enhanced sum of satisfaction with their work hours and as a consequence were less likely to merchandise displacements when they were able to plan their ain single work and remainder hours. Barnett ( 2005 ) completed another survey that found similar consequences. She tested merely adult females doctors who were seeking to equilibrate both household life and their calling. It was noted that adult females who had more involvement in household life recorded holding a stronger feeling of occupation satisfaction. For them to be more involved in non work affairs, they had to either work reduced hours or work on a portion clip footing. The survey found specifically that adult females who had reduced hours were more satisfied than those adult females doctors who continued to work full clip and attempted to equilibrate household life and work. In add-on, this survey looked at the effects that reduced hours had on an employee. The adult females were less likely to experience the demand to go forth their occupation with the decreased hours that worked with their agenda. Another survey that looked at two groups of adult females, one group was placed on a flexible agenda while the other group was kept to a really carinate much more traditional work agenda ( Krausz, 1983 ) . The adult females were all married and some of the adult females had kids. Krausz explained that the point of this survey was analyzing the effects of a flexible work agenda these two groups of adult females and if they did hold increased occupation satisfaction because of the flex clip or non. The information from this research did non ensue in a great significance between the groups and occupation satisfaction. A sensible account was given to assist understand why this information did non ensue in the typical result of flexible work agendas ensuing in increased occupation satisfaction. There was a hold in the proclamation of the flexible work agendas and the existent nidation. The location that this was conducted at was really different than other research that was looked at. A noteworthy tendency that was seen in the reappraisal of old research was that there was an increased sum of satisfaction for adult females in occupations that had flexible work hours or decreased hours. As one survey discussed specifically adult females are frequently placed in the function of attention taker and besides strive to hold both an equal balance of work and household life ( Zacharias, 2005 ) . Zacharias found that the bulk of professional workers that use or take advantage of constabularies that help to equilibrate work and household life are adult females. Womans were besides more likely to be granted aid in this country alternatively of work forces because of positions on traditional functions. These facts were non studied to see separately if there was a relationship between work forces and adult females working and how their hours of work impacted their occupation satisfaction. Zacharias ( 2005 ) continued with information that work forces who try to cut down their hours of work are treated much otherwise than their female opposite numbers. However, both males and females who take clip off from work or seek to take decreased hours frequently hit a wall in their callings. As an equal balance is of import for both males and females, their abilities to be successful at place and work is found to be critical for occupation satisfaction. Jang once more specifically noted, Mothers in this state of affairs find it hard to equilibrate work demand and child-care duties and are more likely than their childless opposite numbers to go forth the work force involuntarily ( 2009, p.93 ) . Jang s study did province that old surveies have revealed that some aspects of occupation flexibleness including, flexible work hours, do hold a positive consequence on certain facets of household life and in return it lowers the sum of turnover and absenteeism and does raise occupation satisfaction in employees. This survey successfully showed a positive nexus between flexible work hours and work life balance. McNall looked at flexible work agreements, occupation satisfaction and turnover purposes of employees with an involvement in the relationship of work-to-family life ( 2010 ) . For this survey, McNall defined flexible work agreements as when employers allow the employees to hold some pick in when and where they perform their occupations outside of the standard working day. Their research once more proved to happen that flexible work agreements are connected with many of import organisational attitudes and results for employers and their employees. These organisational attitudes and results include occupation satisfaction, absenteeism, public presentation, productiveness and satisfaction with work agendas. The ground for employers to travel to flexible work agendas is the needful balance that employees want with both their personal and household life ; they besides desire a calling and satisfaction with their occupation. Employers have been increasing their flexibleness in this country as more adult females have been come ining the work force. However, both males and females want the equal satisfaction of being involved in both affairs of place and of the workplace. Employers have recognized the wants and demands of their employees ; some have been able to accommodate to improved flexible work agendas for their employees. Clearly there is good concluding for employers to offer some kind of flexibleness to their employees, as it can offer employees higher occupation satisfaction and a happier overall sense of wellbeing. To the employer it so consequences in greater employee keeping, lower absenteeism and, in some instances, increased sum of productiveness. This treatment of the effects and grounds for offering flexible work times in the research done by McNall ( 2010 ) has been repeated in the authorship by Jang ( 2009 ) every bit good as Zacharias ( 2005 ) adding support with his findings. A noteworthy determination in the research done by McNall was in the statement that employees sometimes search for grounds that employers understand and care about their employees, and if they are able to take carry throughing lives outside of the work topographic point. The handiness of flexible work times and other policies that help to supply a worker with the opportunity to make a balance between work and personal clip has shown to ensue in employees who have increased degree of occupation satisfaction and have a more positive attitude towards their employers ( McNall, 2010 ) . The bulk of these research workers have all shown that there is some relationship between occupation satisfaction and flexible agendas. Their research has resulted in a noteworthy connexion with flexible agendas and an increased occupation satisfaction by employees who are provided this type of option by their employers. There is no recent outstanding research that concluded in either reduced satisfaction or no relation at all to occupation satisfaction and flexible work agendas to all people and occupations when these were looked at specifically. Some research workers noted that a just figure of concerns that offer some kind of flexible programming. While the Family and Medical Leave Act is available for some employees that work in companies that employ over 50 people but it is limited in what it can be used for. Locating old research specifically on flexible work agendas and occupation satisfaction proved to be slightly hard. The research that was found varied in occupation types that were studied from one set of research to the following. Some surveies had more straight looked at the correlativity than others. The research was picked because overall it is varied in locations across the Earth. It covers many locations every bit good as many assorted occupation types. In old hunts for beginnings on this subject there were a batch more surveies conducted for flexible work agendas and occupation satisfaction for those in the medical field than in other occupation Fieldss such as the research done by Pryce ( 2006 ) and Barnett ( 2005 ) . An attempt was made to avoid roll uping more articles on the medical field and alternatively focal point was put on happening research for many different occupation Fieldss. Job satisfaction and workplace flexibleness were non the focal point on a figure of beginnings. Many of the writers including Jang ( 2009 ) saw that the satisfaction that flexible agendas on the occupation convey more concerned adult females, as adult females have been discovered to hold more stress seeking balance their work and personal life. However, both sexes do be given to endeavor for an equal balance of place life and workplace satisfaction. Flexible work programming allows for this equal balance to be created between an employee s personal lives and work lives. These writers all able to discourse, in some signifier or another, occupation satisfaction and flexible work hours for employees. In add-on to looking at the function flexible work clip and occupation satisfaction drama on each other, the effects of frock codifications and occupation satisfaction were besides examined in this research. Many occupations require employees to have on specific uniforms or frock in a certain manner, while other employers allow their employee to hold more freedom in their vesture picks. Are employees happier or more satisfied if they are non told what to have on by their employers or oppositely do employees experience more satisfied if there is an implemented frock codification? Some employers would non be able to do alterations in this country to increase occupation satisfaction because of wellness and safety grounds that require some occupations to have on specific outfits to assist protect the worker. This helps to explicate why there was a great deficiency of information on the linkage between frock codifications and occupation satisfaction. Franz ( 2001 ) stated that at the clip they began their survey there was no anterior research done on their subject. This by its ego is interesting, that there country has non truly been looked at so far. There is likely to be a broad assortment of accounts as to the deficiency of pervious research on this country. However there are a figure of good grounds to look closer at this possible connexion between occupation satisfaction and frock codes/uniforms/or deficiency thereof. The grounds are similar to those stated before, increased occupation keeping and higher sums of production from happier workers. In the research done by Franz, he had to roll up informations that would assist him to develop a better tool to happen the ultimate reply to their inquiry ( 2001 ) . They wanted to cognize if things like insouciant Fridays and other frock policies had an consequence on the employee s attitudes and behaviours. Franz reported in their research that it has been a turning tendency to let a more insouciant garb in the work topographic point. A figure of concerns feel that insouciant frock at work is considered a benefit that they offer their employees, if they are able to. Casual frock helps employees to salvage and concerns to salvage that offer a vesture disbursal, because they have lower dry cleansing measures, and do non hold to buy the more expensive formal concern expressions. They found that the bulk of employers felt that insouciant frock is a positive alteration from the past old ages which required a formal concern expression every twenty-four hours by its employees. The riddanc e of professional frock policies besides help to interrupt barriers between direction and their workers. The consequences of this research did non turn out to demo that frock options had an impact on whether or non an employee s satisfaction or behaviour improved, every bit good as if they were more likely to go forth their current place. At the terminal of their research they advised concerns to look at what plants for their company and employees. This survey looked at concern garb and insouciant frock which they explained. Business frock is the more formal and traditional suit with a tie for males in authoritative colourss such as black, gray, and navy. Casual frock was described as denims and a shirt with possible athletic places ( Franz, 2001 ) . Haise ( 2003 ) explored the issues related to an employee that has to have on a uniform and how they feel about it. There are some occupations where it is necessary to necessitate employees to have on a uniform. Those that have to have on what their employer has chosen for them have changing sentiments on them. Haise explains that when small idea is given to the employee when the uniform is created and implemented it can go forth the employee experiencing really disgruntled. The consequences from this research showed that when employees were more involved in the determinations with the choice on the uniform and were asked by their employers for feedback they had more respect and had increased satisfaction with the uniform. The writers of this survey did cautiousness employers about leting the employees to hold excessively much influence on the uniforms as they might develop hyperbolic outlooks. Although they feel that some sentiments could assist to increase the employee s satisfacti on and better their feeling about their employers. Haise s research was selected because it was interested in how employees felt about uniforms. It was nevertheless non wholly focused on occupation satisfaction and uniforms. Haise s ( 2003 ) survey contained great information on the feelings of employees who had to have on uniforms. It besides discussed the practical demands for quality uniforms and the functions they play in different concerns. After reexamining the findings of other research worker s at that place seems to be a deficiency in the some countries of facets of occupation satisfaction. Job satisfaction plays a major function on both the employers and the employee s lives. The research has proven that when employers offer more opportunities for their employees to be able to custom-make facets of their occupation to their specific demands there is an addition in satisfaction felt by the employees affected. Employees appreciate concerns that show that they care about their employees and do an attempt to do certain they are satisfied at their occupations. Companies that offer benefits like the 1s discussed in this paper frequently see greater employee keeping from its employees. Employers should make whatever they can to demo they care about their employees so that they are acquiring the most out of their workers. Some benefits that employers can offer their employee s semen at small to no excess cost to them. Something so simple as merely asking about workers feelings and sentiments can hold a major impact.

Nokia Pricing Strategy

Nokia Pricing Strategy Background of the company Nokia is an electronics company, founded in 1865 by Fredrik Idestam; the company started as a paper manufacturing company but in the 1970s, it changed its line of business to electronics (Nokia Official website ,2010). It has a strong brand; some of its products include phones and laptops.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Nokia Pricing Strategy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In 2009, it was the second largest company in electronics industry from Apple Inc; the company’s positioning statement is technology connecting people. To remain competitive, the company uses an integrated pricing strategy. This paper discusses how the company determines prices of its products. Product attributes Nokia phones are in different shapes, technology level and have different features; each category of phone has the target market it aims. The following are the common products attributes of Nokia Phones: They have a target market; the section of the market is in need of phones Has high value products that can be up of phones for this class is Nokia 1200 and Nokia 1210.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Middle class They are people who need a higher tech phone than the lower earning class; to target the population, the company has develops phones with more features, for example it may include internet services to the gargets of cheap technologies like GPRS. Well-to-do Well-to-do people need a number of applications in their phones, when the company is developing products for this target market; it uses high technology and includes a number of features and technologies for example they use Edge technology for internet. To sell in this market, the company uses price-skimming strategy Niche markets The company’s research and development department has the role o f recognizing a need that current phones in the markets are not meeting, then develop product that meet the market. Some of the phones in the market include touch screens ( Kotabe and Helsen, 2004). Distribution Depending with the target market, the products are distributed differently; the company has established Nokia collection centers in different countries where traders can get the product for distribution; alternatively, if a trade is willing to buy in bulk, the company offers the option; it has both online and desk selling. Who carries the products? In different countries, the company has established collection centers called authorized dealers who are given the responsibility of distributing the products in their countries. When the dealers have received the products, they are supposed to ensure they get to the target market in the best form. The approach to selling increases the cost of the product to the final consumer since all people in the chain will have to benefit fro m the transaction. Where can it be found? Nokia phones can be found in the following places:Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Nokia Pricing Strategy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Authorized dealers and sub-dealers premises Shopping malls Supermarkets Stalls Electronic shops among other electronic garget selling points (Nokia Official website ,2010). What type of promotions does this company use and how does that influence price? The company uses â€Å"pull† promotion strategy, under this approach, massive advertisements and persuasion mechanisms are adopted to ensure that an organization’s products knowledge of existence has been created. The end user and the promoters are at close links and interact in the course of advertising. The cost incurred is passed to the final consumer increasing the price of the phones. What are some suggestions on how this product or service could be improved and how mi ght that influence pricing? Nokia management team should think of improving operating technology adopted in phones, so as it can accommodate modern applications. Currently, the highest technology used for internet applications is EDGE technology; however, some of its competitors like Apple Inc have switched to 2G and 3G technology. When the technology adopted has been improved, then, the company is likely to enjoy a higher share of the market. The second improvement that the company should make is to incorporate low earning and middle class market segments in its twin-Sims products; the approach is likely to increase the company’s sales. References Hooley, G. and Saunders, J.(1993). Competitive Strategy: The Key to Marketing Strategy. New York: Prentice Hall. Kotabe, M. and Helsen, K. (2004). Global Marketing Management.New York: John Wiley Sons. Nokia Official website.(2010). Nokia.

Madeline Leininger Middle Range Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Madeline Leininger Middle Range Theory - Essay Example These insights introduced a phenomenon related to nursing called cultural care nursing. This theory addresses the cultural dynamics influencing the nurse-client relationship. This gives the theory uniqueness because it focuses on features of nursing, and it studies and explains the outcome of the nursing care (McEwen & Wills, 2011). Describe Why You Believe This Theory Is a Unique Nursing Theory Based On Your Application of the Criteria from the Text Culture care theory has contributing features that make it a unique theory. This theory, launched in 1950s remains the oldest nursing theory. It focuses solely on the interrelationship of care and culture of a person’s health, well being, death, health, and illness. It also focuses on comparative cultural care. Through its multidimensional and holistic nature, the theory developed multifaceted culture based care practices and meaning. It focuses on global, cultural care diversities and universalities. The theory also incorporates a designed research method called ethno nursing. In addition to its three action modes, the theory has practical and abstract features that help in delivering a cultural congruent care. Most of all, the theory focuses on professional and generic culture care, worldview related data, social structure factors and ethno history in a variety of environmental contexts. The theory originated from the theorist’s diverse and extensive anthropological insights, nursing experience, values, creative thinking and life experiences that immensely contribute to use and study. These features of the theory make it a powerful tool for new practices and knowledge in healthcare contexts (Sitzman & Eichelberger, 2009). Describe the Origin, and Background of the Theory and Theorist Born in Nebraska in 1948, Madeleine Leininger received her nursing diploma from St. Antony’s School of Nursing, Denver, Colorado. In 1950, she received her undergraduate, and in 1954, she received her Master†™s of Science in Mental Health and Psychiatry. She received her PhD in Social and Cultural Anthropology in 1965. Throughout her career, she acknowledged the importance of care in nursing. She received frequent appreciations from patients she gave care. While working in a children’s guidance home, she experienced a cultural shock from the recurrent behavior of children on a cultural basis. She identified care and culture knowledge as the link in nurse’s ability to comprehend the variations in patient care and support of healing, compliance and wellness. In 1950, the knowledge, she acquired helped her develop the phenomenal culture care nursing. Culture care theory originated from Leninger’s experience and knowledge in the role of capabilities of culture in nursing (Sitzman & Eichelberger, 2009). Leninger considers the theory to be a middle range theory because it has dimensions for assessing the total nursing picture. However, it has comprehensive and holistic capabilities for a broader nursing practice application than traditionally expected of a middle range theory. The theory provides harmonious care measures for groups or individual’s practices, values and beliefs. The primary goal of the theory lies on cultural congruent care. The culture care theory resulted from the theorists devoted consciousness and an ever changing world in which the individuals interact with

Improving Business Performance through strategic HRM (Work based Essay

Improving Business Performance through strategic HRM (Work based Report) - Essay Example Home improvement market has a two-way reciprocal relationship. On the one hand, it is open to, and dependent upon, the social and physical environment that surrounds them. On the other hand, it needs financial resources and political legitimacy (a set of laws by which to operate) pro ­vided by outside institutions and governments. Customers are significant members of the environment determining strategic choice of the organization. And knowledge and technology are also a part of the environ ­ment: they are produced by other actors in the environment and purchased by the or ­ganization as educated labor or as pure knowledge assets (Johnson and Scholes, 1998). Directional strategies (Ph. Kotler) help the company to expend internationally and reach diverse target audience (Johnson and Scholes, 1998). Recent years, Home Deport has implemented and developed a companies have already used this service, but still it is one of the most beneficial area for attracting a new customers). Home Deport acquires new knowledge and technology, and employ these assets in produc ­tion quickly. From a management standpoint, technology is a major environmental factor that continually threatens existing arrangements. Fast-changing technologies, such as information technology, pose a particular threat to organizations (Johnson and Scholes, 1998). Without qualitative service the enterprise is not capable to achieve the overall objectives. Home Deport is marked by increasing capital markets activity over the past 5 years. It is estimated that average annual returns for full-service are anticipated to exceed 13 percent over the next 10 years, with retail industr y investment alternatives performing at single digit growth rates (approximately 7 percent to 9 percent). (‘Home Depot in the know when’ †¦ 2002). Competitive strategies (Michael Porter 1985) allow identify and analyze

The Capital Structure Decision and the Cost of Capital Essay

The Capital Structure Decision and the Cost of Capital - Essay Example The products include dolls and accessories, vehicles, games, puzzles, as well as play sets. The company’s popular toy brands include the Barbie dolls, Polly Pocket, Little Mommy, Monster High, BabyGear, WWW Wrestling figures, Fisher-Price, CARS, Toy Story, Max Steel, and Batman. The company sells it toy products in physical stores as well as online stores. Based on the module discussions discussed, the nature of the Mattel (http://finance.yahoo.com/q/bs?s=MAT+Balance+Sheet&annual) company’s toy business operations and its toy clients, it is highly recommended that the capital structure (total liabilities or debt and equity proportions) must be adjusted to the medium debt ratio (1.0) type of business structure. The medium debt type of business organization can be equated to a financial position where there is an equal amount of total debt and total l equity. For, increasing the debt to an amount which is higher than the total equity would entail an increase in interest p ayments to the creditors. Creditors lend money in exchange for interest payments. In terms of amount, the current Mattel debt and equity amounts are high debt for both debt and equity amounts do not reach $3,000,000,000. Thus the medium debt ratio (1.0) amount can be reached my making either the debt equate the equity amount or the equity amount to equate the debt amount. Mattel Company has the best debt to equity ratio at 1.0. In terms of cost of capital, Mattel has the lowest of the three companies. On the other hand, an increase in the stockholders’ equity amount would generate more cash on hand needed for the company’s continuance of its current operations. However, the stockholders may not have enough funds to increase their investments in the company. In terms of risks, borrowing funds will increase the amount of the unpaid liability. Likewise, borrowing funds will generate the risk that creditors may not be able to grant the required loan amount. In terms of ris ks, the company will not be able to generate enough revenues to pay for the loan amount. One advantage of the generation of funds through debts is to avoid increasing the balance sheet’s stockholders’ equity figure. An increase in stockholders’ equity would produce lesser dividend distribution per share of stock. An advantage of the increasing debt amount is the avoidance of decreasing the company’s dividend per share contribution. The company’s 2010 beta is $0.99 each. Clorox The Clorox Company (http://finance.yahoo.com/q/ks?s=CLX+Key+Statistics) is engaged in the manufacture and sale of consumer products. The products are sold in the United States and around the world. The company’s products are segregated into four major divisions. The divisions are cleaning, household, lifestyle, and international. The company’s popular brands include Clorox cleaning products, liquid – Plumr, S.O.S., STP, and Armor All. Internationally, the company focuses on the home care products, cat litter products, plastic bags, containers, wraps, and charcoal products. The company’s beta is 0.35. In terms of amount, the current Clorox debt amount is less than $5,500,000,000 and the company’s equity amount is less than $100,000,000. Thus medium debt ratio (1.0) amount can be achieved by either increasing the current equity amount to equal the debt amount or reducing the debt amount to equal the current equit

How to Swim the Freestyle and Butterfly Strokes Essay

How to Swim the Freestyle and Butterfly Strokes - Essay Example The freestyle is perhaps the simplest and fastest among the three swimming strokes because it simply involves long stretches of the arms and kicks in order to move the swimmer to the intended destination. However, the arms are not simply stretched to the greatest distance they could reach but they actually involve five components which will be discussed as the instructions are explained in detail. So first, you stretch both arms above the head, with the back of your palms facing you. Make sure that your fingers are together and not spread apart because this will help to propel you to the next distance. This position of having your hand stretched is called the ‘reach’. Obviously, the name suggests that you are to reach out your arms in preparation for the next component called the ‘catch’. To do the catch, you twist your hand forward, slightly forming an â€Å"S† as you pull your hand toward your hip. The third component called ‘pull’ happ ens when you exert effort to make the final stroke for the â€Å"S† shape as you pull your hand toward your mid-section. This is followed by the ‘push’ which is the force that will help determine the distance to move forward to. The final component would be the ‘recovery’ which basically brings the arm to the original position. When you are in the water, you will find out that it is actually difficult to start right away with the instructions mentioned above. What you need to do is to stretch your arms.

LVMH Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

LVMH - Essay Example Its distribution network is spread worldwide and caters to the upper class fancies and it has a number of high value brands in its fold. It mainly deals in wines and spirits, Fashion and Leather Goods, Perfumes & Cosmetics, Watches and Jewellery and Selected Retail Items. It has over sixty subsidiaries and they are autonomous in their operations. As a result the brands are mostly sold in upmarket locations, often through exclusive boutiques and showrooms and are not ordinarily available in Malls or markets. LVMH came into existence in 1987 with the merger of two of the largest wine makers Moet and Hennessy. Later they were merged with Louis Vuitton and added a great portfolio of 60 prestigious luxury brands. Christian Dior owns a part of LVMH and both companies are headed by a common CEO. Although its headquarters are in Paris, yet over 70% of its 64,000 strong workforce is based outside France. Its distribution channels are spread over 1,800 stores worldwide. LVMH has banked upon segmentation of the market successfully. It has chosen the upper strata of the society and is in possession of highly coveted items in fashion, wines & spirits, watches and jewellery and perfumes. Its customers are celebrities, high profile individuals, business leaders and executives and the political class. On the second rung it also caters to the wealthy consumers who are growing in numbers due to opening up of global career opportunities. It caters to people in their early twenties to sixties and has a vast product range for them. As the world turns into a global village, a new breed of customers from emerging and developing market is making its way to its stores. Having been long deprived, but attracted to the name and image created by its products they are proving to be the mainstay of LVMH in many a new markets. Thus we see a proliferation of LVMH group’s stores of different brands coming up in the Asian and Latin American markets. Globalization has opened new avenues